Pharma To Date

The National Science Foundation (NSF) has granted $22 million to establish a research hub dedicated to the study of extremophiles, microorganisms that thrive in environments previously thought to be uninhabitable. This new BioFoundry, called the BioFoundry for Extreme and Exceptional Fungi, Archaea, and Bacteria (ExFAB), will be a collaborative effort between three California universities: the University of California, Riverside, UC Santa Barbara, and California State Polytechnic University Pomona.

Extremophiles, including certain fungi, archaea, and bacteria, have evolved to survive in environments such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents, boiling hot springs, and other extreme conditions. These microorganisms possess unique biological mechanisms that allow them to endure high pressures, extreme temperatures, and other harsh conditions. Researchers have long been interested in harnessing these capabilities for potential human applications, particularly in medicine and biotechnology.

The ExFAB BioFoundry aims to streamline the development of tools and products derived from extremophiles, with an emphasis on synthetic biology. By leveraging state-of-the-art technologies such as automated liquid handlers, novel robotic workflows, and machine learning-powered systems, the facility will accelerate research and expand the scope of microbial studies. The BioFoundry will also house cutting-edge instrumentation to facilitate breakthroughs in areas such as bioremediation, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications.

One of the primary research projects within ExFAB will focus on bacteria capable of breaking down "forever chemicals"—environmental pollutants that persist in ecosystems for long periods. Other extremophiles under investigation could yield novel proteins or chemicals with therapeutic potential. For example, Taq polymerase, an enzyme crucial to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedures, was originally discovered in bacteria found in Yellowstone National Park’s hot springs, highlighting the medical and research value of extremophiles.

In addition to its research objectives, ExFAB has a strong educational mission. The BioFoundry will train students across the University of California and California State University systems, fostering the next generation of biotechnologists. Summer training programs will also be offered to researchers interested in utilizing the facility’s resources.

With this investment from the NSF, ExFAB is poised to advance both the scientific understanding and practical applications of extremophiles, potentially leading to innovative solutions in medicine, environmental conservation, and beyond.